Abstract:

Uncontrolled blowout is a catastrophic accident with huge losses in oil and gas exploration and development. It is necessary to quickly regain control of the wellhead, and reconstruction of the new wellhead after removing the old wellhead is the most critical and risky step. Traditional wellhead reconstruction equipment requires personnel to work close to the wellhead for several times to complete the installation of new wellhead, which requires multiple attempts due to huge safety risks and low one-time success rate. In view of this situation, the integrated wellhead reconstruction device for blowout out of control well was developed, which changed the original "eight-step" wellhead reconstruction process into "one-step" method, so as to avoid multiple near-wellhead operations by emergency personnel. The combination mode, clamping design and sealing design of the device are described in detail, and the mechanical properties of the device are checked by finite element simulation. Laboratory experiments and emergency drills show that the device can quickly reconstruct the wellhead of uncontrolled blowout well with only casing in hole, which greatly simplify the new wellhead reconstruction process, improve the reconstruction efficiency and personnel safety, and provide more perfect equipment support for promoting the process of unmanned near-wellhead operation of out-of-control blowout.

Key words:

uncontrolled blowout, wellhead reconstruction, integrated wellhead reconstruction device, reconstruction process, unmanned

摘要：

井喷失控是油气勘探开发过程中损失巨大的灾难性事故，必须快速恢复对井口的重新控制，而拆除旧井口后的新井口重建是最为关键、风险最高的一步。传统的井口重建装备需要人员多次近井口作业完成新井口安装，抢险人员面临巨大的安全风险且一次性成功率较低，需多次尝试。针对此种情况，研制了井喷失控井一体化井口重建装置，将原有井口重建工艺“八步法”变为“一步法”，避免抢险人员多次近井口作业。文章详细阐述了该装置的组合方式、卡紧设计及密封设计，通过有限元模拟对装置的力学性能进行校核。室内实验及应急演练表明，该装置能快速实现光套管下井喷失控井口的重建，极大简化了新井口重建流程，提高了重建效率及人员安全性，对推进井喷失控近井口作业无人化进程提供了更加完善的装备支撑。

关键词:

井喷失控, 井口重建, 一体化井口重建装置, 重建流程, 无人化