Abstract:

As the exploration and development move towards ultra-deep layers, the well control risks faced by engineering operations are becoming increasingly prominent.With the increase of the risk of kick and loss and the difficulty of well killing in the drilling process,how to improve the timeliness of detection and the success rate of well killing is an on-site problem that needs to be solved urgently.This article investigates the research progress of kick and loss detection equipment and well killing technology in ultra-deep well drilling process, elaborates on the research and development status of kick and loss detection and well control equipment, including precise monitoring technology for large displacement outlet flow rate, automatic fill-up during tripping and kick and loss detection technology, continuous monitoring technology for annular liquid level, and digital monitoring technology for circulating tank volume. It also discusses the research progress of well killing theory and technology in ultra-deep wells. It is discussed about the development trend of AI drilling kick and loss detection system, downhole early kick and loss monitoring technology, automatic and intelligent well kill technology, etc. The downhole-surface kick and loss detection equipment for the whole drilling process has been formed, and the early warning software and the complex well condition kill simulation system based on multi-source data fusion developed, which further improves the timeliness and accuracy of detection, improves the success rate of complex well killing, and provides technical support for the safety well control of ultra-deep well.

Key words: ultra-deep wells, kick and loss detection, well killing technology, technical status, development trend

摘要：

随着勘探开发走向超深层,工程作业面临的井控风险日益突出,钻井过程中溢漏风险、压井难度增大,如何及时发现溢漏和提高压井的成功率是急需解决的现场问题。文章调研了超深井钻井溢漏监测装备、压井技术的研究进展,阐述了大排量出口流量精确监测技术、起下钻自动灌浆及溢漏监测技术、环空液面连续监测技术、循环罐体积数字化监测技术等溢漏监测井控装备的研发现状,以及压井理论、压井工艺技术在超深井的研究进展情况。分析了人工智能钻井溢漏预警系统、井下溢漏早期精确监测技术、自动及智能化压井技术等领域的未来发展趋势。总结了井下—地面的钻井全过程溢漏监测装备、基于多源数据融合的溢漏预警软件和复杂井况压井模拟系统技术发展情况,提升了溢漏监测的及时性和准确性,提高了复杂井况压井成功率,为超深井井控安全提供技术保障。

关键词: 超深井, 溢漏监测, 压井技术, 技术现状, 发展趋势