A Review of Technical Status and Development Expectation of Drilling Fluids for Deep and Ultra-deep Wells

doi:10.3969/J.ISSN.1006-768X.2024.02.02

Abstract

Abstract:

The drilling of deep and ultra-deep wells is conductive to the development of the deep oil and gas exploration.Its main characteristics are as follows: high bottom-hole temperature and great drilling depth,among which the high temperature environment is the main factor limiting large-scale drilling.Considering the influence of high temperature on drilling fluid,this paper analyzes the difficulties faced by ultra-deep drilling fluid from six aspects: rheological control,property change of water molecular,wellbore stability,lost circulation prevention and plugging, drilling friction & pressure reduction and environmental protection property.Moreover,the application and research progress of drilling fluid and treatment agent in deep and ultra-deep wells are reviewed.Finally,the problems existing in the field of drilling fluid research in China are analyzed,and the development trend of drilling fluid technology in deep and ultra-deep wells discussed from the basic theory update,research object adjustment,drilling fluid treatment agent development and other directions.

Key words: deep and ultra-deep wells, drilling fluid, high temperature resistance, agents, field application, development trend

摘要：

深井超深井最主要的难点是深部高温以及钻进距离长,成为限制其安全快速钻井最主要因素。文章根据深井超深井安全快速钻井对钻井液的核心需求,从抗高温钻井液技术的流变性调控、井壁稳定、防漏堵漏、降摩减阻4个方面分析了钻井液研发与应用中面临的难点,并对国内外抗高温钻井液技术、高温流变稳定技术、井壁强化钻井液技术、深井超深井防漏堵漏技术和抗高温钻井液润滑技术的现场应用及研究成果进行了综述。最后对国内钻井液技术研究领域存在的问题进行分析,并从基础理论研究、新型抗高温钻井液处理剂研发、油基钻井液防漏治漏等方面对深井超深井钻井液技术发展进行展望。

关键词: 深井超深井, 钻井液, 抗高温, 处理剂, 现场应用, 发展趋势

LUO Pingya, WANG Luyi, BAI Yang. A Review of Technical Status and Development Expectation of Drilling Fluids for Deep and Ultra-deep Wells[J]. Drilling & Production Technology, 2024, 47(2): 10-18.

罗平亚, 王路一, 白杨. 深井超深井钻井液技术应用现状及发展展望[J]. 钻采工艺, 2024, 47(2): 10-18.

Figures/Tables 2

References 43

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应用井	国家	井深/m	钻井液体系
Louisiana超深井	美国	7 803	改性木质素磺酸盐钻井液
Bertha Rogers超深井	美国	9 583	抗高温抗盐聚合物钻井液
巴登-1井	美国	9 159	抗高温高密度聚合物钻井液
德国KTB深井	德国	9 105	改性硅酸盐SIV钻井液
科拉超深井	前苏联	12 262	低固相聚合物钻井液
阿尔金—富兰克林F9井	英国	7 327	抗高温高密度重晶石微粉钻井液

应用井	国家	井深/m	钻井液体系
Louisiana超深井	美国	7 803	改性木质素磺酸盐钻井液
Bertha Rogers超深井	美国	9 583	抗高温抗盐聚合物钻井液
巴登-1井	美国	9 159	抗高温高密度聚合物钻井液
德国KTB深井	德国	9 105	改性硅酸盐SIV钻井液
科拉超深井	前苏联	12 262	低固相聚合物钻井液
阿尔金—富兰克林F9井	英国	7 327	抗高温高密度重晶石微粉钻井液

类型	粒径范围/nm	调节对象
SiO₂	<20	钻井液滤失量
CuO	<50	钻井液流变性
ZrO₂	<30	钻井液滤失量
Al₂O₃	<50	钻井液滤失量
碳纳米管(CNT)	<15	钻井液滤失量
纳米石墨烯片	<20	钻井液滤失量

类型	粒径范围/nm	调节对象
SiO₂	<20	钻井液滤失量
CuO	<50	钻井液流变性
ZrO₂	<30	钻井液滤失量
Al₂O₃	<50	钻井液滤失量
碳纳米管(CNT)	<15	钻井液滤失量
纳米石墨烯片	<20	钻井液滤失量