Hydraulic cavitation reservoir stimulation technology is a kind of reservoir stimulation technology proposed in recent years for fine stimulation of reservoirs near wellbore area. It has the characteristics of less equipment, simple process,clean and environmental friendly, low operation cost, and can effectively improve the heterogeneity of reservoirs. This technology has been preliminarily applied in some domestic oil fields, and has achieved good application results. In order to further research the working mechanism and law of the new hydraulic cavitation reservoir stimulation technology, a set of hydraulic cavitation reservoir sitimulation model experimental equipment was independently developed based on the cavitation principle and field application, and field experimental research was carried out. The experimental results show that the cavitation collapse zone generated by the cavitation effect is mainly concentrated in the area with the outlet of the cavitation as the starting point and the distance is 15 ~ 25 times the diameter of the outlet of the cavitation. If the reconstruction point is set here, a better stimulation effect can be achieved. At the same time, due to the local high pressure formed here, the “ negative pressure effect” is generated in the outlet area of the cavitation device, which is conducive to the suction of pollutants in the near wellbore area and the blocking removal. When the input pump pressure reaches 17 MPa, the cavitation effect will produce pulse vibration, and the intensity and transmission distance of the vibration will increase with the increase of the input pump pressure. By analyzing the attenuation rate of the vibration intensity, the hydraulic cavitation reservoir stimulation can transform the reservoir 2 ~ 3 m away from the wellbore. The experimental results provide technical support for the optimization of construction parameters of hydraulic cavitation reservoir stimulation technology.